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Category: Bookkeeping

Accounting for Research and Development Costs: Capitalization vs Expense

Accounting for Research and Development Costs: Capitalization vs Expense

By offering grants, subsidies, tax incentives, and partnerships, governments help reduce the financial burden on businesses, making it more attractive for them to invest in R&D. Meanwhile, venture capital investments, business incubators, accelerators, and mergers and acquisitions provide companies with essential resources and expertise to bring their innovations to market. R&D allows companies to stay ahead of the competition by catering to new customer demands or market trends. By investing in research and development, businesses can create innovative products and…

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Accounts, Journals, Ledgers, and Trial Balance Financial Accounting

Accounts, Journals, Ledgers, and Trial Balance Financial Accounting

Because each transaction is initially recorded in a journal rather than directly in the ledger, a journal is called a book of original entry. The statement of financial position reports three main sections or elements called assets, liabilities and equity, while the income statement reports two main elements, namely income and expenses. For every financial transaction that is recorded in the accounting system of the company, the amounts of these financial statement elements either increase or decrease depending on the…

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